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The Brinell and Rockwell hardness tests can be used to evaluate the hardness of a wide variety of metallic materials. When any test is performed precisely for the purpose of the procedure, each will give a reliable rating of hardness compared to the other materials. Although both Brinell and Rockwell tests are compatible, they give hardness values ??at different scales due to slightly different methods and analyzes.
The Rockwell test measures hardness with a conical diamond indenter. The recess is measured after applying a lighter initial load and after applying a higher load. This test is performed on a machine that records each depth and calculates the hardness factor. The evaluator must consider the essential properties of the sample prior to testing it to ensure that it is being evaluated using the appropriate loading. Hardness is given on one of the scales A to G; depending on what material is tested and what load is used in the procedure.
The Brinell test is the predecessor to the Rockwell test. It gives a hardness factor that can be compared on one scale, but only those factors that have been tested with a ball of the same size and strength can be compared. Despite being a more primitive test, it is still used and considered accurate, especially for larger parts with a coarse structure. Popular test samples are cast steel or iron, which are not so easy to evaluate with the Rockwell test. The Brinell test procedure may take slightly longer than the Rockwell test. First, a sample of the material for testing should be prepared. A ball of steel or tungsten carbide (usually 1 cm in diameter) is then fired into the sample with a force of 29 kN. The dent is measured optically with a microscope or a mechanism in an electronic device. The two diagonal indentations are measured along with the diameter of the ball. These dimension values ??are used to solve the Brinell hardness formula.
When comparing the two tests, it’s important to understand that one is not particularly better than the other. Each has their own advantages, but choosing one depends on what material is being tested and what equipment is available. Automatic testing machines are produced in the format of each test, but are not always available. It can be judged that the optical measurement of the dimple in the Brinell test is not as accurate as in the Rockwell test because the indentation of the carbide ball is not as consistently finished as that of a diamond cone. However, the Brinell test does not destroy the test material. This is a big advantage of the Brinell test compared to the Rockwell test as it is easier to perform on steel or iron parts. These larger parts are heavier and inherently more expensive, making them a key factor that they can still be used. It can be concluded that the Rockwell test is easier and more accurate for smaller samples with less coarse material.
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Source by John Noriega